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RIOT

boards Arduino Zero BBC micro bit Decawave DWM1001 IoT-LAB M3 Microchip SAMR21 Microchip SAMR30 Nordic nRF52840DK Nordic nRF52DK OpenMoteB ST B-L072Z-LRWAN1 ST B-L475E-IOT01A Zigduino Zolertia Firefly

Description

RIOT is a real-time multi-threading operating system that explicitly considers devices with minimal resources but eases development across the wide range of devices that are typically found in the Internet of Things. RIOT is based on design objectives including energy-efficiency, reliability, real-time capabilities, small memory footprint, modularity, and uniform API access, independent of the underlying hardware (this API offers partial POSIX compliance). Several libraries (e.g. Wiselib) are already available on RIOT, as well as a full IPv6 network protocol stack including the latest standards of the IETF for connecting constrained systems to the Internet (6LoWPAN, IPv6, RPL, TCP and UDP).

Documentation on RIOT is available either on the online docs or on the GitHub wiki.

Good RIOT tutorials are also available on GitHub:

• The RIOT course
• The RIOT tutorials

Compilation from IoT-LAB SSH frontend

With recent versions of RIOT (2018.01+), the default version of the GNU Toolchain for ARM (4.9) doesn’t work.

RIOT recommends to use 7.2+. Before building any RIOT firmware on an SSH frontend, ensure RIOT related environment variables are correctly set with:

source /opt/riot.source

Border Router and IPv6 networking on IoT-LAB

To connect to the serial link of your border router and propagate an IPv6 prefix through your network, RIOT provides the ethos_uhcpd tool. It uses the serial interface, ethos (Ethernet Over Serial) and UHCP (micro Host Configuration Protocol). Ethos multiplexes serial data to separate ethernet packets from shell commands. UHCP is in charge of configuring the wireless interface prefix and routes on the Border Router.

For boards based on a microcontroller

Usually, it needs sudo privileges to be able to create a dedicated tap interface. Since the command has to be launched from the SSH frontend to have access to serial link, where you are not part of the sudoers, you have to use a wrapper we developed:

sudo ethos_uhcpd.py <node-id> tap<num> fd00::1/64

• node-id refers to the node acting as Border Router;
• num specifies a free tap interface (see below);
• fd00::1/64 is the default IPv6 prefix. It can be replaced by another local prefix, or even by a global prefix (see IPv6).

To list tap interface currently in use, launch the following command on the SSH frontend:

<login>@<site>:~$ ip addr show | grep tap

Choose one not in the list. You could use tap0 if there is not output.

For boards running an embedded Linux

Get the RIOT release onto the embedded Linux environment.

Start the network from the embedded node, using the serial link to the co-microcontroller, which has to run a border router firmware:

make -C <path-to-riot>/tools/uhcpd clean all
make -C <path-to-riot>/tools/ethos clean all
cd <path-to-riot>/tools/ethos
./start_network.sh <device> tap0 fd00::1/64

• refers to the local device serial link; for example, for IoT-LAB A8-M3 boards the M3 co-microcontroller's serial link is `/dev/ttyA8_M3`
• fd00::1/64 is the default IPv6 prefix. It can be replaced by another local prefix, or even by a global prefix. In this later case, get it thanks to environment variables set in the embedded Linux environment:

  root@node-a8-1:~# printenv
  ...
  INET6_PREFIX_LEN=64
  INET6_PREFIX=2001:660:5307:3001
  ...